硼、钙和农药对草莓花粉萌发和花粉管生长的影响

Effects of boron,calcium,pesticide and germicide on pollen germination and tube growth of strawberry

采用花粉液体培养法研究温度、硼、钙及农药对草莓花粉萌发和花粉管生长的影响。结果表明,(1)草莓花粉萌发和花粉管生长适宜的温度为25～30℃。(2)外源硼酸为草莓花粉萌发必需物质,适宜质量浓度为0.3g/L,低质量浓度促进花粉萌发和花粉管生长,而高于0.3g/L则起抑制作用。(3)外源钙为非必需物质,但适量的外源钙离子有利于花粉萌发,适宜质量浓度为0.3g/L,高钙抑制花粉萌发。(4)在培养液中分别加入常规浓度的7种农药,每处理几乎无花粉萌发,加入1/10常规体积分数的7种农药中,只有一遍净、速克灵、奥美特等3种农药处理有少量花粉萌发,说明农药对花粉萌发和花粉管生长有强烈抑制作用。

The effects of temperature, boron, calcium, pesticide and germicide on pollen germination and tube growth of strawberry were studied in culturing pollens in liquid media. The results showed that the most suitable temperatures for pollen germination and tube growth were 25 to 30℃. The external boron was needed in pollen germination of strawberry at 0.33 g/L being the most suitable concentration. The pollen germination of strawberry was not obviously related to external Ca^2＋ , but accelerated by the application of Ca^2＋ , the effect of Ca^2＋ was most significant at the concentration of 0. 33 g/L, while pollen germination was inhibited by Ca^2＋ when the concentration was higher than 0.3 g/L. The germination of strawberry pollen was susceptible to the common pesticide and germicides.