大学生睡眠质量及其影响因素调查

INVESTIGATION ON SLEEPING QUALITY OF UNIVERSITY STUDENTS AND ITS INFLUENTIAL FACTORS

[目的]了解当前高校大学生睡眠质量及其影响因素。[方法]运用睡眠状况自评量表(SRSS)及自行设计的睡眠影响因素调查问卷对我校在校大学生进行分层随机抽样调查。[结果]52.00%的大学生存在睡眠问题,男生与女生之间、医学专业与非医学专业之间、城镇学生与农村学生之间睡眠质量差异无统计学意义(P﹥0.05),但不同年级学生睡眠质量差异有统计学意义。身体健康状况、学习和就业压力、经济来源担忧程度、恋爱问题、睡眠环境以及睡眠规律性等因素影响大学生睡眠质量。睡眠不佳时,多数被调查者白天出现情绪低落、身体功能(体力或精神、记忆力、注意力等)受影响、学习效率低下等情况。[结论]大学生存在不同程度的睡眠质量问题,欲改善大学生睡眠状况,应该把开展相应的心理、睡眠咨询,引导大学生养成良好的睡眠习惯,鼓励大学生坚持体育锻炼、增强体质等作为今后工作方向。

[ Objective] To understand the quality of sleeping and its influential factors of current university students. [ Methods ] A self-rating scale of sleep （SRSS） and self-designed questionnaire were applied to investigate university students by stratified random sampling. [ Results] 52.00% students had sleeping disorders. There were no significant differences between male and female, medicine speciality and non-medicine speciality, students from city and countryside. However, there existed an significant difference among the different grades students. Health status, stresses from studying and employment, economic resource, amativeness problem, sleeping environment, and sleeping regularity could influence their sleep quality. The major investigated students had low mood, disorders of the body function （such as physical or mental status, memory, concentration and so on） , and low learning efficiency in the daytime when sleeping was disturbed during the night. [Conclusion] Sleeping problems are common in university students. In order to improve the sleeping quality of university students, psychological and sleeping consults, forming a good sleeping habits, and keeping on doing exercise should be developed in the future.