一氯乙酸皮下注射对大鼠肝脏损害作用

HEPATIC INJURY AFTER SUBCUTANEOUS INJECTION OF MONOCHLOROACETIC ACID IN RATS

[目的]研究饥饿大鼠皮肤暴露一氯乙酸(Monochloroacetic,MCA)在临床症状出现之前的急性毒性。[方法]皮下注射MCA(LD50:162mg/ml体重)2h后雌雄大鼠的血样分析,对照组雌雄大鼠以同样的方法注射生理盐水。[结果]实验组雌雄大鼠血清中天冬氨酸转氨酶,丙氨酸转氨酶,线粒体天冬氨酸转氨酶,分别高于它们的对照组,并且雌雄大鼠线粒体天冬氨酸转氨酶分别是对照组的2倍。实验组雌雄大鼠的血尿氮和肌酸酐也显著增加,而实验组雌雄大鼠血清葡萄糖浓度降低,实验组雌雄大鼠血清中乳酸和丙酮酸分别高于它们的对照组,实验组和对照组差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。而雌雄组之间比较差异无统计学意义(P﹥0.05)。[结论]MCA通过对皮肤暴露,导致肝脏等器官的损害,并且导致低血糖以及高浓度的乳酸盐和丙酮酸盐,最终低血糖和乳酸盐中毒联合作用加速死亡。针对肝脏指标的这些异常现象,有助于建立一个针对人群皮肤暴露MCA的早期抗病治疗方案。

[Objective] To study the acute toxicity of Monochloroacetic Acid （MCA） before clinical symptoms appearing in fasting rats after the skin exposure to MCA. [Methods] Blood samples were analyzed 2 hours after subcutaneous MCA injected （LD50：162 mg/ml Kg body weight） in male and female rats. Rats in control group were injected with saline. [Results] Both of male and female rats＇ Aspartate aminotransferase （AST） , and Alanine aminotransferase （ALT） were higher than those of control rats, and both of each sex of Mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase （mAST） were twice as much as those of control group. Blood urea nitrogen （BUN） and creatinine were significantly increased in control group, while serum glucose was significantly decreased in the treated group. Lactate and pyruvate were higher than those of control group. However, all of biochemical parameters described above were not significantly different （P 〉 0.05） between male and female rats in the control and treated group respectively. [Conclusion] MCA causes injury to the liver and other organs by the skin exposure to MCA, and causes hypoglycemia and extreme high levels of Lactate and pyruvate.Finally the combination of hypoglycemia and lactic acidosis accelerates death. The abnormal phenomena of biochemical parameters may help to establish an early nosotropic therapy for people with skin exposure to MCA.