1de Franchis R,Primignani M.Natural history of portal hypertension in patients with cirrhosis[J].Clin Liver Dis,2001,5:645 -663.
2Turnes J,Garcia-Pagan J C,Abraldes J G,et al.Pharmacological reduction of portal pressure and long-term risk of first variceal bleeding in patients with cirrhosis[J].Am J Gastroenterol,2006,101:506-512.
3Wiest R,Groszmann R J.The paradox of nitric oxide in cirrhosis and portal hypertension:too much,not enough[J].Hepatology,2002,35:478 -491.
4Merkel C,Marin R,Sacerdoti D,et al.Long-term results of a clinical trial of nadolol with or without isosorbide mononitrate for primary prophylaxis of variceal bleeding in cirrhosis[J].Hepatology,2000,31:324 -329.
5Bellis L,Berzigotti A,Abraldes J G,et al.Low doses of isosorbide mononitrate attenuate the postprandial increase in portal pressure in patients with cirrhosis[J].Hepatology,2003,37:378-384.
6Kalambokis G,Economou M,Paraskevi K,et al.Effects of somatostatin,terlipressin and somatostatin plus terlipressin on portal and systemic hemodynamics and renal sodium excretion in patients with cirrhosis[J].J Gastroenterol Hepatol,2005,20:1075-1081.
7De Franchis R.Evolving consensus in portal hypertension.Report of the Baveno Ⅳ consensus workshop on methodology of diagnosis and therapy in portal hypertension[J].J Hepatol,2005,43:167-176.
9Lebrec D,Vinel J P,Dupas J L.Complications of portal hypertension in adults:a French consensus[J].Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol,2005,17:403 -410.
10Abraczinskas D R,Ookubo R,Grace N D,et al.Propranolol for the prevention of first esophageal variceal hemorrhage:a lifetime commitment?[J].Hepatology,2001,34:1096-1102.
4Tumes J,Garcia-Pagan JC,Abraldes JG,et al.Phamacological reduction of portal pressure and long-tem risk of first variceal bleeding in patients with cirrhosis[J].Am J Gastroenterol,2006,101:506-512.
5Heig WE.Non-surgical treatment of portal hypertesion[J].Therapeutische Umsch,1998,55(2):84-88.
6Aboud RW,Connolly C,Mccovmick PA.Vasculor actions octreotide in the portal hypertensive rats[J].British Journal of pharmacology,1997,122(4):698-702.
