糖尿病的胰岛素基因治疗

The gene therapy of insulin for diabetes

糖尿病有着复杂的遗传背景，基因治疗可能成为其最终治疗手段。糖尿病基因治疗以胰岛素基因治疗为主，通过胰岛素基因导人，获得内源胰岛素替代。胰岛素基因可通过载体直接导入，也可通过体外构建的基因工程细胞输入体内；在胰岛素基因治疗中，病毒载体较为常用，但人工染色体等新型载体亦已出现；而寻找理想的胰岛素基因表达调控方案，是目前胰岛素基因治疗的主要研究方向。

There is a complicated genetic background of diabetes, so the gene therapy can be the ultimate therapeutic tool. The treatment is mainly focused on the gene therapy of insulin by introducing insulin genes and acquiring the substitution of the endogenous insulin. The introduction of the genes can be got either by vectors or by inputting the genetic engineering cells that constructed in vitro. Although the utilization of viral vectors is most common, some new types of vectors have come into being, one ease of which is the human artificial chromosomes. And nowadays, seeking for an ideal regulation scheme for the insulin gone expression has become the main direction of the research on the insulin gene therapy.