公民、自然人,抑或其他——论俄罗斯民法文化中“公民(гра жданин)”概念的价值取向

Citizen,Man or Others——Investigation on origin and development of the concept "citizen" in Russian civil law

前苏联,继而是俄罗斯民法中所采用的“公民”概念,并不是其民法学对政治概念的误用,出于其民族传统中对自然人的民法身份与政治身份的关联性考虑,俄罗斯民法中的“公民”包含了私法上的人以及作为隐含条件的公共领域中的人,这两重含义,期望通过唤起个人在维护自身利益方面的公共责任感,来维护社会总的安全,这体现了其民法的民族性取向与社会化价值,对确立现代民法的发展方向具有重要的参考意义。

The idea of ＂citizen＂ in the civil Law of the Soviet Union and later Russia, is not a misuse of a political conception; it is otherwise the consideration deriving from the features of its civil law culture about relation between a man＇ s elvil identity and political position. The citizens＇ political responsibility on guaranteeing their civil interest help maintain the safety of the civil law, which leads the direction the development of modern civil law.