嘉峪关市绝经前后妇女骨质疏松影响因素研究

Study on the Risk factors Associated with Osteoporosis of Pre-menopausal and Post-menopausal Women in Jiayuguan City

目的了解嘉峪关市绝经前后妇女骨质疏松症发生的可能影响因素,为有效预防妇女骨质疏松、增进其骨健康水平提供依据。方法对189名≥45岁的绝经前后妇女采用问卷调查,并通过骨密度(BMD)测定、X线摄片、骨代谢指标、激素水平测定及数量不平衡传递试验方法(QTDT)进行横断面研究。结果对象的年龄、教育程度、经济收入、饮食习惯等与骨质疏松的发生有关。在相关基因领域中等位基因(TA)21与BMD显著相关,雌激素受体α基因与BMD无显著相关。低密度受体相关蛋白5(LRP5)多态性位点显示,ERB基因位点1730G/A多态性与股BMD显著相关,ERB的CA的重复多态性与股骨颈BMD相关。等位基因G显示与股BMD负相关。结论本地区绝经前后妇女对骨质疏松症相关知识及危害性认知水平偏低,骨健康状况及相关影响因素应引起足够的重视并对其风险进行干预。

Objective： To understand the bone health status of pre - menopausal and post - menopausal women in Jiayuguan city and identify risk factors associated with osteoporosis in urban midlife to promote the bone health status effectively. Methods： A total of 189 women aged 45 years and older were recruited into the study. Demographic, medical, family history and lifestyle information were obtained by questionnaire survey. Hip bone mineral density（BMD） was determined using dual -energy X -ray absorptiometry. Cross -sectional study were carried out. Results： The prevalence of osteoporosis was 32.3%, and 39 person appeared fracture which was seen predominantly at the hip. Post -menopausal women（34% of total） appeared significantly lower mean BMD and a higher incidence of osteoporosis compared with pre - menopausal women （26.5% of total） （P 〈 0. 005）. Age, food habit, education received and the other factors were related to BMD. Allele TA21,1730G/A polymorphism and CA re - polymorphlsm of ERB gene locus were positively correlated to thighbone BMD. Estrogen receptor α Gene was not correlated to BMD. Allele Gwas negatively correlated to thighbone BMD. Conclusion： More emphasis should be put on bone health status of pre - and post - menopausal women. A number of lifestyle, behavior characteristics and medical conditions are associated with BMD in these women, which should be needed to improve methods to identify women at risk for fracture and promote our understanding of fracture etiology.