补碘对儿童智力和脑干听觉诱发电位的影响

EFFECT OF IODINE DEFICIENCY AND SUPPLEMENT ON INTELLIGENCE AND BRAIN-STEM EVOKED POTENTIAL

７０名缺碘儿童和３５名正常儿童分成三组：缺碘补碘组、缺碘不补碘组（安慰剂组）、对照组，前者一次性口服碘油胶丸１００ｍｇ／人，后二组一次性口服ＶＡＤ胶丸１粒／人（含ＶＡ３０００μｇ、ＶＤ２５μｇ）观察６个月。结果表明：缺碘组尿碘、血清甲状腺激素、智力及脑干听觉诱发电位与对照组有极显著差异（Ｐ＜０．０１）补碘会改善尿碘和血清甲状腺激素水平，且与对照组无显著差异（Ｐ＞０．０５），与安慰剂组有极显著差异（Ｐ＜０．０１）；补碘可使智力得到一定的提高，尤以女性为明显，但对脑干听觉诱发电位的异常没有明显改善。提示：碘缺乏儿童的智力和脑干听觉诱发电位存在明显障碍，其中前者补碘可得到一定程度的改善，后种损害则不可逆。

Seventy iodine deficiency children(7-12y old)were equally divided into two groups:group 1 and group 2; and thirty-five normal children were selected as the control. Group 1 was given iodized oil capsule orally at a single dose of 100mg/person, while group 2 and the control received placcbo of VAD at a single dose of 3000μg VA and 25μg VD. All parameters were determined before and after six months'experiment. At beginning, there were highly significant differences(P<0.01)betwen control and ID groups(group 1 and 2) in urinary iodine, serutn thyroid hormone, intelligence and the brain,stem evoked potential(BAEP). Six months later, compared control with group 1, there were no differences (P>0.05) in urinary iodine, serum thyroid hormone and the number of children with abnormal IQ. Particularly, there were no differences(P<0.05) in IQ seores in girls. However, the differences between group 2 and control still existed. Compared group 2 with group 1, there were highly significant apparent differences (P<0.01) in urinary iodine, seruln thyroid hormone and the number of children with abnormal IQ. The results showed that iodine supplelnent might improve intelligence,but made no effect on BAEP.