几种钢的腐蚀冲蚀磨损行为与机理研究

The Study on the Corrosion Erosion Wear Behaviour and Wear Mechanism of Several Steels

在相同试验条件下研究了１６Ｍｎ，２７ＳｉＭｎ和１Ｃｒ１８Ｎｉ９不锈钢在浆体（ｐＨ值在１～１２的范围，固体粒子是粒径２２０～４００μｍ的石英砂）冲蚀作用下的腐蚀冲蚀磨损行为，分析了ｐＨ值和冲击速度等对钢腐蚀冲蚀磨损的影响，以及腐蚀与冲蚀之间的交互作用机理，建立了钢的腐蚀冲蚀磨损率与ｐＨ值及冲击速度之间的三维关系图．研究发现：冲击速度对１Ｃｒ１８Ｎｉ９不锈钢腐蚀冲蚀磨损的影响可用指数关系表示，但对其它２种钢，冲击速度的影响不能用简单的数学关系表示；钢的腐蚀冲蚀磨损率随ｐＨ值降低而增加，ｐＨ值越低和／或钢的耐腐蚀性越差，腐蚀与冲蚀的交互作用越大，钢的腐蚀冲蚀磨损越严重．耐腐蚀性较好的钢（如１Ｃｒ１８Ｎｉ９不锈钢）的腐蚀冲蚀磨损机理主要为冲蚀磨损；耐腐蚀性比较差的钢（如１６Ｍｎ钢）除冲蚀磨损外，腐蚀及其与冲蚀磨损的交互作用也都是重要的磨损机理。

Two kinds of low carbon steel,16Mn and 27SiMn and one stainless steel 1Cr18Ni9 were investigated using an apparatus which simulates the corrosive erosive action of sand slurry.The effects of pH value of slurry and impact speed on the corrosion erosion wear of the steels were considered. The corrosion erosion mechanism as well as the interaction between corrosion and erosion was studied.Three dimensional wear map of corrosion erosion wear rate,pH value and impact speed was created.It was found that the effect of corrosion erosion wear of impact speed can show with exponential function for 1Cr18Ni9 steel,but they cant show with simple mathematic function for other steels,and that the corrosion erosion wear rate of steels increases with pH value of slurry decreasing. The worse corrosion resistance of the steel and the lower pH value result in more corrosion erosion wear rate of the steel.The erosion is the main mechanism of the corrosion erosion wear for 1Cr18Ni9, but for those steels with bad corrosion resistance such as 16Mn and 27SiMn,besides erosion,the corrosion and the interaction between corrosion and erosion are also very important mechanism,especially in low pH value slurry.