碳钢的高应力冲击磨损行为研究

High stress Impact Wear Behaviours of Carbon Steels

在高应力冲击磨损条件下，金属材料的磨损表面很容易形成硬度很高（ＨＶ≥１０００）的白层．采用新的试验方法，研究了碳钢在高应力冲击条件下的磨损特征，并且从分析白层的结构出发，讨论了白层的形成机制和失效模式．结果表明，材料的高应力冲击磨损质量损失与冲击次数之间具有线性关系，韧性较好的低碳钢的耐磨性比高碳钢的好，原因是硬度越高，白层在磨损过程中越容易发生剥层与剥落．白层是一种高度塑性变形层。

Under high stress impact wear, white layers with high hardness ( HV ≥1 000) are easy to occur on the worn surface of metal materials. The generation mechanism and failure model of white layers are discussed on the basis of structure analysis of white layers. It is showed that wear losses of materials vary linearly with the numbers of impact, and wear resistance of low carbon steels is higher than that of high carbon steels. The reason for those is that white layers on the materials with higher hardness are more easily delaminated and/or spalled during testing. White layer is a kind of matter with severe plastic deformation. The fine sturcture in white layer confirms the deformation generation mechanism.