辽宁与河南两地新农合需求弹性及影响因素分析

Analysis on Elasticity of Demand of New Cooperative Medical System in Liaoning and He'nan Counties

目的:通过对辽宁和河南两地的337户农民进行家庭调查,以了解农民的参合意愿和支付能力,分析影响农民的新农合需求因素。方法:通过对两地农民参合的意愿支付额和支付能力进行描述性分析,同时测算两地农民参合的价格需求弹性,以及收入五分组后自付医疗费用的家庭负担。结果:A县意愿筹资额为24.70元,价格需求弹性为-0.832,属于缺乏弹性类;B县意愿筹资额为36.15元,价格需求弹性为-1.458,属于富有弹性类。两地应根据本地的实际情况,适当考虑新农合的价格需求弹性来确定资金的筹集水平及方式。同时发现,最低收入组自付医疗费用是其家庭收入的2倍多。结论:新农合对改善因病致贫、因病返贫的作用不显著;各级政府应加大对贫困地区贫困户的基金支持,促进新农合的受益公平性。

Object： Analyzing willingness-to-pay, ability-to-pay, and the key factors affecting the demand of New Cooperative Medical System （NCMS） , through the household survey of a total of 337 households in Liaoning and Henan counties. Methods： Using Statistical description, correlation and regression analysis to descript willingness-to-pay and abilityto-pay, to compute the price elasticity of demand and household out-of-pocket medical expenditure in each income quintile. Results： It demonstrates that the level of willingness-to-pay to NCMS in Liaoning is 24.70, and the index of elasticity of demand is -0.832; the level of willingness-to-pay to NCMS in Henan is 36.15, and the index of elasticity of demand is - 1.458 .It implies that the elasticity of demand should be considered in terms of determining the level and manner of financing . At the same time, out-of-pocket medical expenditure is two times more than its household income in lowest income quintile. Conclusions： It considered that NCMS played no significant role in reducing poverty due to illness .Government should provide enough funds for the poor for the benefit of fairness of NCMS.