高锰钢铁路辙叉应力状态有限元分析

Finite Element Analysis on Stress Conditions of High Manganese Steel Railway Frog

高锰钢(1．14％C、12．72％Mn)在使用过程中受到复杂的交变冲击载荷作用,表面出现剥落掉块现象而提前失效。用ANSYS 8．0软件对辙叉内部应力状态进行了有限元分析,得出辙叉表面垂直方向最大应力达5 381 MPa,水平方向应力2 450 MPa,硬化层深度15 mm;剪应力700 MPa,作用深度1．5 mm,剪应力加速铁路辙叉表面剥落。通过高锰钢微合金化,可细化晶粒提高材料韧性,延长辙叉使用寿命。

Due to complex and alternative impact load action during service the flaking and spalling occurred at surface of high manganese steel 1.14C-12. 72Mn led to failure ahead of service time. With finite element analysis on internal stress conditions of railway frog by software ANSYS 8. 0 it was obtained that maximum vertical stress at surface of frog was up to 5 381 MPa while horizontal stress was 2 450 MPa with hardened layer depth 15 mm; and shearing stress was 700 MPa with depth 1.5 mm which accelerated the surface flaking and spalling of railway frog. Microalloying of high manganese steel is available to fine grain and increase toughness of materials to prolong the service life of frog.