下辽河平原地下水生态水位与可持续开发调控研究

Research on the Ecological and Sustainable Groundwater Table Regulation in the Lower Liaohe River Plain

下辽河平原是辽宁省老工业基地的核心地区,水资源问题已经成为制约该区经济发展和生态环境改善的重要因素。地下水资源在整个供水系统中一直占有65%左右的比例,但由于地下水开采所导致的环境水文地质问题也很严重,因此开展研究区内的地下水生态水位及其调控的研究具有重要的意义。首先在研究区内降水入渗与蒸发规律的基础上,结合野外试验资料,采用情景分析的方法,设置了两种情景下地下水生态水位标准,并在第二种情景里又分为考虑地下水调蓄功能与不考虑地下水调蓄功能两种方案;然后通过对地下水实际埋深与生态水位埋深的比较,结合相应的水文地质参数,计算出各种方案下满足地下水生态水位要求的地下水调控量;最后论述了研究区内地下水资源可持续开发利用的对策措施。研究成果对于区内地下水资源的科学开采与有效保护具有一定的参考意义。

The lower Liaohe River plain is located at the center of the former Liaoning industry foundation. Groundwater supply contributes 65% of the total water supply, however the environmental and hydrogeological problems caused by groundwater development are very serious, not only affecting the econvironment improvement, but also a serious ＂bottleneck＂ to a regional economy development. Hence the significance in carrying out the research on ecological groundwater table and its regulation is very important. Based on the precipitation infiltration and evaporation fundamentals and combined with field experiment results, two series of ecological groundwater table standards were constructed by adop- ting the method of scenarios analysis. The two schemes in the second scenario, one considered the regulation function of aquifer and the other did not, were evaluated; thirdly, the quantity of ecological modulation was calculated from the groundwater depth and by comparing the topographic and ecological groundwater depths, using of the Golden Surfer software; finally, the modulating countermeasures for groundwater sustainable development were discussed. The results of this research, in some degree may widen the research fields of eco-environmental water demand.