吉林市地下水中“三氮”迁移转化规律

Migration and Transformation of Ammonia-nitrite-nitrates in Groundwater in the City of Jilin

通过对吉林市1988-2004年地下水水化学资料进行分析，认为地下水中“三氮”的分布、随时间变化的特点与其来源有极为密切的关系，农灌区地下水中“三氮”含量在空间上分布比较均匀，丰水期含量升高、枯水期含量降低；工业污染导致地下水中“三氮”含量变化较大，年内丰枯水期变化表现不明显；多年基本表现为地下水中“三氮”不断增高。地下水中“三氮”的增加是土壤和地表水中污染源的增加与补给地下水的渗流共同作用的结果。污染源不同、地表水污染、水文地质条件、水土流失、地下水中Fe^2＋含量较大对“三氮”迁移转化及其空间分布都有一定的影响。

Through analyzing of the water chemistry data of groundwater in Jilin city in the years of 1988-2004, the distribution and variations of ammonia-nitrite-nitrates in groundwater with time showed to have very closed relationships with their origins. The content of ammonia-nitrite-nitrates in ground-water inthe area of agricultural irrigation distributed uniformly in space, while varied with rainfalls,high in precipitation seasons low in dry seasons; industrial pollution makes the content of ammonia-nitrite-nitrates in groundwater vary apparenfly, while annual variations is not explicit ; ammonia-nitrite-nitrate concentrations in groundwater increased with time. The reason could be the increase of pollution sources from soil and surface water and infiltration. Different pollution sources, hydrogeological conditions, soil and water loss, high content of Fe^2＋ in groundwater have some influences on the transportation and spatial distribution of ammonia-nitrite-nitrates.