地面气象站环境变化对气温序列均一性影响

Effect of Meteorological Observation Environment Variability on Homogeneity of Temperature Series in Zhejinag Province

为研究浙江省地面气象站环境变化对气温序列均一性的影响程度，采用测站历史沿革资料，对全省测站环境的时空演变进行了分析。采用距平累加、偏差界限值、F值检验法，对36个代表站的年平均气温序列进行均一性检验，并对非均一性产生的原因进行分析。结果表明：1971--2004年，浙江省测站的地理环境有显著改变；36站中有39％的测站为非均一性，产生非均一性的测站中，迁站原因占57％，环境恶化占36％；测站迁站引起的非均一性多发生在1980年以后；测站迁站时，新旧站址海拔高度差大且地理环境差异显著是造成气温序列非均一性的主要原因，迁站后气温序列较旧址存在偏高或偏低现象，其值对累年平均值有影响。指出了测站在迁移或环境变化过程中应注意的事项，以助于减少气温序列非均一性。

The meta-data of 68 weather stations and the annual mean temperature series of 36 weather stations in Zhejiang Province are used to study the effect of observation environment variability on data homogeneity, and assessed by cumulative anomaly, boundary deviation and F-test methods. The results show that from 1971 to 2004, the observation environment of the weather stations has changed dramatically and the temperature temporal series of 39% stations were found heterogeneous, where the heterogeneity of about 36% stations are attributed to environment deterioration and that of about 57% stations to station relocation, which mainly occurred after the 1980s. The latitude and geographic environment differences before and after station relocation significantly influenced the homogeneity of temperature temporal series. More attention should be given to the effect of station relocation and environment variability.