水稻产量构成因素与产量的分析

Relationship between Yield Component Factors and Yield in Rice

通过对辽宁省14个水稻栽培品种的产量与产量构成因素进行相关分析、通径分析和多元回归分析。结果表明:.每穗粒数、结实率、千粒重与产量均呈正相关,而穴穗数与产量成负相关。除穴穗数以外,其它任何性状的提高都将不同程度地促进产量增加;4个因素与产量的偏相关系数均为正值。通径分析表明:四个产量构成因素与产量的直接通径系数均为正值,其中穗粒数对产量的直接效应最大(2.2387),其次是穴穗数(1.4853)。但穴穗数通过穗粒数对产量的间接负向效应较大。所以通径分析能够较客观的反映各因素对产量影响的大小。因此在今后的高产水稻新品种的选育中,应注重穗粒数的选择,同时保证一定的结实率和千粒重,穴穗数可以适当放宽。

In this article the 14 main rice varieties of Liaoning province were used to make correlation analysis,path analysis and multiple regression analysis, between yield component factors and yield. The results indicated that correlations between grain number per panicle, seed setting rate, 1 000-kernel-weight and yield are positive but that of panicle per hill and yield becomes negative. The increases of all other characters will raise yield except panicle per hill to some extent. Partial correlation coefficients between four factors and yield are all positive. Path analysis showed that direct path coefficients between four yield components factors and yield are all positive, of which grain number per panicle has the biggest direct effect to the yield （2. 2387）followed by panicle per hill （1. 4853）that has more indirect and negative effects on yield through grain number per panicle~ So path analysis can reflect objective result which component factors effect yield . Thus in rice breeding of new high yield variety was selected, the grain number per panicle should be taken into consideration first and better seed setting rate and 1 000-kernel-weight should also be guaranteed, and panicle per hill may suitably be flexible.