乳源木莲苗生长和形态的地理种源分化

Geographical Differentiation for Seedling Growth and Morphology of Manglietia yuyuanensis Provenances

利用来自乳源木莲主要分布区的12个种源在福建建瓯和浙江淳安两个试验点开展苗期遗传测定,系统研究苗木生长、苗高生长参数、叶片形态、根系特征和干物质积累等性状的种源遗传差异。研究结果表明:乳源木莲苗的生长、叶片形态、干物质积累量、主根长和根幅等性状存在显著的种源效应。由于乳源木莲侧根相对不发达,一级侧根数和最长侧根长的种源差异未达到统计学上的显著水平,但其绝对值间却相差2.8倍。乳源木莲苗生长和形态等主要性状的种源变异受产地经度和纬度的双重控制,与北部和东部种源相比,来自于南部和内陆的种源其苗高径生长量和苗高生长参数较大,分枝数较多,叶片数多且较宽长。根据苗期种源测定结果,初选出江西全南、龙南和福建连城、沙县、将乐等优良种源,其苗高生长量比对照增加了8.99%-56.28%。

Manglietia yuyuanensis provenance trails including twelve seed sources from primary natural distribution zone, located at Chun＇ an of Zhejiang and Jian＇ ou of Fujian, were used to study provenance variation for seedling characteristics such as seedling growth, seedling shoot elongation parameters, leaf morphology, root character and dry matter accumulation. The results indicated that there existed significant differences among provenances for seedling traits including seedling growth, leaf morphology, dry matter accumulation, taproot length and root range. Owing to the relative poor lateral roots of Manglietia yuyuanensis, provenance variation of first-class lateral root amount and the longest lateral root length could not reach significant level in statistics, but the biggest value was 2.8 times that of the smallest one. Provenance variation of most seedling growth and morphology characteristics was under the double control of longitude and latitude and had higher height and basal diameter growth, larger seedling shoot elongation of its seed source. Compared with the northern and eastern provenances, the southern and inland provenances had more branches, more and wider/longer leaves. According to the result of seedling provenances, five good provenances （ Quannan and Longnan of Jiangxi, Liancheng, Shaxian and Jiangle of Fujian） were selected whose seedling height growth was 8.99% -56.28% higher than the control .