南酸枣地理种源幼林生长性状变异研究

Study on Variations of Young Forest Growing Traits of Choerospondias axillaris Geographic Provenances

对来自8个省(区)的25个南酸枣种源在福建邵武进行了造林试验。4年生幼林的生长结果表明:南酸枣的树高、胸径、分叉高和分叉数4个性状在种源间均存在极显著差异,且树高和胸径有较高的广义遗传力;树高、胸径和分叉高3个生长性状在不同立地条件下也表现出极显著差异;树高、胸径和分叉高与种源地理纬度间均呈极显著负相关,与经度则未表现出显著负相关,而分叉数与种源地理经度、纬度间以及与树高、胸径和分叉高间均未表现出显著的相关。根据树高和胸径,采用独立选择法初选出贺州、容县、上犹和乐昌4个幼林期较速生的种源,并采用系统聚类法初步将种源划分为2个大区:亚热带中南部速生种源区和亚热带中北部生长相对较慢种源区。

The affforestation provenance trial of Choerospondias axiUaris containing 25 seedlots collected from 8 provinces （zone） was conducted in Shaowu , Fujian Province. The results showed that for 4 years old young stand, there were significant differences in 4 traits：tree height, breast height diamater, divarication height and divarication nunber, and the broad heritability of tree height and breast height diamater were high. There were significant differences in tree height, breast height diamater and divarication height under different site. The tree height, breast height diamater and divarication height showed significant negative relation to latitude of the seedlots, while they showed no significant negative relation to longitude of the seedlots, the divarication number showed no significant relation to latitude and longitude of the seedlots and tree height, breast height diamater, divarication height. Four quick-growing provenances were selected among young forest,i, e. Hezhou, Rongxian in Guangxi, Shangyou in Jiangxi, Lechang in Guangdong. Two provenance zone were districted as system cluster：quick-growing provenance zone for middle south- subtropical and slow-growing provenance zone for middle north-subtropical.