新西兰无过失伤害的预防、康复和赔偿体制介绍

An overview of New Zealand's no fault injury prevention,rehabilitation and compensation scheme

新西兰意外赔偿局(ACC),是管理新西兰意外事件赔偿的政府机构。ACC计划是对在新西兰境内的公民、居民或临时来访的人提供受伤赔偿的服务。每年在复原、治疗和酬劳补偿等方面要花费十几亿元,为了保证这些服务,ACC从劳动者的薪金、燃油税、政府赞助和投资收入等方面来支付赔偿金,不同行业的工伤赔偿申请比率也不同。另外,ACC建立了培训基金,代替雇主负责对员工的安全与健康培训。虽然这一体制正面临一些私有化和费用不断增加的挑战和困难,但总体来说,ACC体制是适合新西兰的一个优良的方案,比其他国家的体制在管理效率和雇主利益等方面明显显示出优势。

The Accident Compensation Corporation （ACC） administers New Zealand＇s accident compensation scheme, which provides personal injury cover for all New Zealand citizens, residents and temporary visitors to New Zealand. In return people do not have the right to sue for personal injury, other than for exemplary damages. In New Zealand （NZ）, ACC spends about $1.4 billion each year on rehabilitation, treatment and weekly compensation. To fund these services, all New Zealanders pay premiums for ACC cover. Premiums are set to pay for the current and future costs of all claims made in that year. The government funds the costs of injuries to people who are not in the paid workforce, ACC also earn income from investing the funds they hold. There are also many challenges of ACC, such as pain alone not covered at all, mental injury not covered, low level of understanding about ACC, higher costs, impact of privatization. Though the ACC system faces some challenges and difficulty, total to say, the ACC system is an excellent scheme for New Zealanders. This system displays many advantages, such as generally administratively efficient, requires less than the levies on employers of workers compensation in Australia and so on. Exactly according to above-mentioned advantage, the ACC scheme is supported by NZ＇s trade union movement and NZ Law Society.