摘要
为评价陶瓷厂矿工人中癌症和其他疾病的死亡率,对江西及湖南的八个陶瓷厂矿共12944人队列进行研究,追访到1994年底,共计275701.8人年,死亡2290人,全死因标化死亡率(SMR=1.00)与全国居民平均水平持平,死亡超高的疾病主要是肺结核、非恶性呼吸系疾病(包括陶工尘肺)、心血管疾病和肝癌。影响工人寿命的主要疾病是恶性肿瘤、心血管疾病、非恶性呼吸系疾病和脑血管疾病。调查发现接尘作业对工人健康的危害是明确的,接尘工人全死因、全癌、非恶性呼吸系疾病、脑血管疾病和肺癌死亡均显著高于非接尘工人,结果表明影响陶瓷厂工人健康的首要职业危害仍是粉尘。
A retrospective study with a cohort of 12944 subjects in 8 ceramics factories of Jiangxi and Hunan provinces was conducted to evaluate the mortality from diseases among workers in ceramics factories. A follow-up of cohort subjects through Dec. 31, 1994, with an accumulation of 275701. 8 person-years, revealed 2290 deaths, a number close to that expected based on the China national mortality rates (SMR = 1. 00). Statistical significant excesses were seen for pulmonary tuberculosis, nonmalignant respiratory diseases (including pneumoconiosis), cardiovascular diseases and liver cancer. Cancer, cardiovascular diseases, non-malignant respiratory diseases and cerebrovascular diseases were main illnesses that affected workers' health. Mortality rose in dust exposed workers, especially that of non-malignant respiratory diseases, cerebrovascular diseases, all cancers and lung cancer. High mortality occurred in pneumoconiosis cases. The findings indicated that main occupational hazard was dust exposure.
出处
《工业卫生与职业病》
CAS
CSCD
1996年第5期280-283,共4页
Industrial Health and Occupational Diseases
关键词
陶瓷粉尘
死因
流行病学
研究
Ceramics dust
Mortality
Epidemiological study