某陶瓷厂工人癌症死亡分析

CANCER MORTALITY ANALYSIS OF WORKERS IN A CERAMICS FACTORY

本文调查了湖南界牌陶瓷厂２３４５例工人１９７２～１９９４年的死因，追访到１９９４年底，共死亡３９３人，全死因标化死亡率（ＳＭＲ＝０．８５）不比全国居民平均水平超高，队列研究不支持接尘与全癌、肺癌、肝癌及胃癌有关，但陶工尘肺患者中，除肺癌死亡较多（ＲＲ＝２．７９，Ｐ＜０．０５）外，其它恶性肿瘤未见高发。病例对照研究不支持接尘及尘肺与肺癌及肝癌相关，仅提示吸烟是肺癌发病的危险因素。

In an attempt to assess the relationship between dust exposure and cancers, a cohort of 2345 workers in Jiepai ceramics factory in Hunan was conducted for analysis of the mortality. There were 393 deaths during 1972-1994, lower than that expected based on the China national mortality rates (SMR=0.85). The result provided a limited support for an etiologic association between dust exposure and all cancers, lung cancer, liver cancer and stomach cancer. From all cancers, only lung cancer had higher mortality among pneumoconiosis cases (RR=2.79, P<0. 05). There was no association between lung cancer and dust exposure or pneumoconiosis from the case control study, so was the liver cancer. The study showed that smoking habit was the chief factor that induced the lung cancer.