环境政策的失效与回弹效应

Rebound Effect and the Failure of Eco-efficiency Measure

回弹效应指个体行为或者系统针对缓和环境影响的政策所做出的反应,这种反应会抵消政策和技术的效用。由于这种衍生效应,一些生态政策的效果有时候不仅低于事先预期的,甚至还产生了相反效果;因此,充分了解回弹效应对于可持续消费和生产可说具有很重要的意义。文中介绍了回弹效应理论的演化和回弹效应的分类,详细解释了直接回弹效应和间接回弹效应,并就回弹效应的研究方法进行了归类。最后讨论了回弹效应的新的发展方向及解决回弹效应的途径。

The rebound effect refers to a behavioral or other systemic response to a measure taken to reduce environmental impacts that offsets the effect of the measure. As a result of this secondary effect, the environmental benefits of the eco - efficiency measures are lower than the anticipated or even negative. Given its potential importance to sustainable consumption and production, a clear understanding of the rebound effect is required. An introduction of the evolving theory and the classification of rebound effect is given. Then the direct and indirect rebound effects are investigated. Lastly, the new trend of the theory and solution to the rebound effect is exploresd.