山东省农村结核病人结核病知识知晓率与规律治疗的关系研究

Knowledge of Tuberculosis and Associated Regular Drug-gotten Behavior Among Shandong Rural Tuberculosis Patients

结核病健康教育在结核病控制中发挥着重要作用,居民对结核病知识的知晓率对结核病的预防和控制效果有重要影响。通过在山东省随机选择经济发展水平不同的4个县做为研究现场,在每一个县,选择在县结核病防治机构登记,并在过去一年已完成治疗的农村肺结核病人作为研究对象,共调查404名病人。调查采用结构式调查表,通过家庭入户调查的方法,研究农村肺结核病人的结核病知识知晓率及与规律治疗的关系。研究结果表明:结核病人的结核病知识知晓率并不乐观,16%的病人仍然不知道结核病具有传染性,15%的病人不相信结核病可以治愈,虽然大部分病人知道我国实行的结核病免费治疗政策,但绝大多数病人不知道政策的具体内容。女性和文盲病人的结核病知识知晓率要低于其他人群。相信结核病能够治愈和知道免费治疗政策的病人,在治疗过程中更能够按时取药,保证治疗的规律性和持续性。研究建议:在进行结核病健康教育时,要针对重点人群,加强对基本知识的宣传,采用通俗易懂的形式,保证健康教育的效果,特别是要帮助结核病人树立结核病能够治愈的信心,保证结核病的治疗效果。

Health education of tubereulosis（TB）plays important role on TB control in China, and the individual＇s knowledge of TB could take great impact on the effect of TB control. Four counties with different economic development levels were randomly selected in Shandong Province, and in each county, the rural TB patients who registered in the county TB Dispensary and have completed the DOTS treatment were enrolled in the study, total 404 rural patients were finally investigated in the four counties. And the patients were investigated by household survey method with structured questionnaires. This paper analyzes the knowledge of TB of Shandong rural TB patients, and studies the relationship between the regular treatment behavior and knowledge of TB. The results show that the knowledge of TB is not optimistically, 16% of TB patients still didn＇t know the infectivity of TB, and 15% of TB patients didn＇t believe TB is curable. Even most of TB patients knew the free treatment policy, almost of them didn＇t say the detailed contents of policy, they just heard about it. The female and illiteracy TB patients had poorer knowledge of TB. The patients who believe TB is curable and know the free treatment policy had more possibility to keep the drug-gotten behavior regularly. It is recommended that the health education of TB should focus on key target population, pay more attention on the basic knowledge of TB with easily understanding and acceptable formats. In particularly, setting up the belief of the curability of TB among patients is very important to improve the effect of TB control.