大口黑鲈主要消化器官淀粉酶活力的研究

Studies on the Amylase Activity of Largemouth Bass Micropterus salmoides

试验从酶学分析角度研究了大口黑鲈各消化道内淀粉酶的活力分布,以及不同温度、pH和底物浓度条件下其肝脏、幽门盲囊、胃、肠中淀粉酶的活力变化。结果表明,淀粉酶活力在消化道内活性强度存在明显差异,由高到低依次为肝脏、幽门盲囊、肠、胃。淀粉酶的活力随温度和pH变化呈现一定规律性变化,存在最适温度和pH,依次为:肝脏(40℃,7．2)、幽门盲囊(30℃,8．0)、肠(40℃,8．4)、胃(35℃,6．4)。幽门盲囊和肠淀粉酶在碱性环境下活力最大,肝胰脏和胃淀粉酶在中性或酸性条件下活力充分发挥。淀粉酶的活力大小与底物浓度有关,底物淀粉最适浓度依次为肝脏1％、幽门盲囊4％、肠2％、胃2％。本研究旨在为大口黑鲈人工饲料的研究与开发提供基础数据。

An experiment was conducted in amylase activities of largemouth bass （Micropterus salmoides） by means of enzymology analyzing. Amylase activities were determined in different part of digestive tract and at different temperature, pH and starch concentration conditions. The order of amylase activities from strong to weak was liver 〉pyloric caeca〉intestine〉stomach. The amylase activities changed with different temperature, pH and starch concentration in different organs .Optimum temperatures and pH were（40 ℃ ,7.2） for liver, （30 ℃, 8.0） for pyloric caeca, （40 ℃, 8.4） for intestine and （35℃, 6.4）for stomach, Amylase activities in stomach and liver were highest at neutral or weak acid condition and in pyloric caeca and intestine were strongest in alkaline condition. The amylase activity was also affected by different concentration of starch.The optimum concentration was 4 % for pyloric, 2 % for stomach, 2 % for intestine, and 1% for liver. Amylase activity can be restrained or activated by different metal ions. The results may be useful for feed manufacturing and feeding of largemouth bass.