论动后复合趋向动词和处所名词的位置

On the Position of the Compound Verbs of Direction with Location Nouns

动词后复合趋向动词带处所名词时,仅有“V+Vq+N处+来/去”一种语序,且对动词V和处所宾语N处有一定限制。不少留学生对这种不对称的语序难以理解。本文在分析了该格式的动词、处所名词后指出,受谓语动词V的强移动性、广义处所词的弱处所性及优先语势序列的强标记制约,“下来/下去”类复合趋向词与处所宾语共现时,只能存在“V+Vq+N处+来/去”一种语序。

When the compound verbs of direction after verb appear with location nouns, Chinese have only one order ＂V ＋ Vq ＋ N处 ＋ lai/qu＂, and have some constraints to the verb and location nouns. Many foreign students have difficulty in understanding this kind of asymmetric order. This paper analyzes verbs and location nouns in this structure, and points out that the compound verbs of direction with location nouns can only appear in the constructure of ＂V ＋ Vq ＋ N处 ＋ lai/qu＂ due to such factors as the strong movement of main verbs, weak locativeness of location nouns and the priority language trend sequence.