人类学视野中的“无国籍女人”——以广西大新县A村为例

"Women of No Nationality" in the Perspective of Anthropology——Taking A Village of Daxin County in Guangxi as an Example

A村是位于中国广西边境地区大新县的一个村庄。该村村民主要是壮族,和越南邻村边民属于同一个民族。自从20世纪80年代末中越关系改善以来,该村与越南邻村边民之间的跨国婚姻越来越多。特别是自1994年该村附近旅游开发以来,A村的经济条件有所改善,吸引了更多的越南妇女嫁入该村。然而,这种必将越来越普遍的跨国婚姻,由于种种原因,难以有正常的婚姻登记,导致这群越南妇女难以取得中国国籍、户籍,最后导致这群嫁入中国、在中国生活并生儿育女的越南妇女成为“无国籍女人”,最终导致她们产生了社会身份认同的危机,这使她们无法认同自己是中国人。

A Village is located in Daxin county in Chinese frontier region of Guangxi. The villagers are mainly Zhuang People. They are of the same minority nationality as those in the Vietnamese villages next to theirs. With the improvement of Sino-Vietnam relationship, especially the tour development of the neighborhood of A Village since 1994, more and more Vietnamese women have been married to the men in A Village since the 80s in the 20th century. As a result, this will make such transnational marriages more and more common. However, for some reasons, they have no regular marriage registration, which makes it hard for them to acquire Chinese nationality and residency. Therefore, those Vietnamese women have become a group of ＂women of no nationality＂ whose social identity being challenged.