植物中的MAPK及其在信号传导中的作用

MAPKs in Plants and Their Functions in Signal Transduction

促分裂原活化蛋白激酶(MAPKs)是一类存在于真核生物中的丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白激酶。同动物和酵母中MAPKs类似,植物中的MAPK级联途径也是由MAPKs、MAPKKs、MAPKKKs三种类型的激酶组成。植物细胞内受体接受外界刺激信号,然后依次磷酸化激活MAPKKKs、MAPKKs和MAPKs,并影响相关基因表达。目前已经从植物中分离到一些MAPKs、MAPKKs和MAPKKKs,它们参与了植物激素、生物胁迫及非生物胁迫等过程的信号传导。介绍了植物响应外界环境胁迫过程中,不同机制和因子对MAPKs级联途径的调控。

Mitogen-activated protein kinases （MAPKs） are Serine/Threenine protein kinases in eukaryotes. Similar to those in animals and yeast, MAPK cascades in plants are also composed of three kinds of protein kinases： MAPKs, MAPKKs, and MAPKKKs. Receptors of plant cells response to extracellular stimulus, they are phosphated and activate MAPKKKs, MAPKKs and MAPKs in turn, and regulate the related gene expression. To date, some MAPKs, MAPKKs and MAPKKKs have been isolated from plants, which mediate the signal transduction involved in plant hormones, biotic and abiotic stresses. In this paper, different mechanisms and factors are also summarized, which involved in the regulation of MAPK cascades signal transduction during the process of plant response to environmental stress.