真核细胞转录的分子机理——2006年诺贝尔化学奖述评

MOLECULAR MECHANISM OF TRANSCRIPTION IN EUKARYOTIC CELL

2006年度诺贝尔化学奖授予了美国斯坦福大学医学院的结构生物学教授科恩伯格,表彰他在研究真核细胞转录分子机理方面的贡献.科恩伯格在真核细胞转录调节控制分子机制方面的研究中取得了突破性进展.他将现代生物化学技术和结构测定结合起来,在原子水平重建酵母RNA聚合酶以及一系列和模板DNA、产物mRNA、底物核酸、调节蛋白功能有关的复合物,从而使真核细胞转录的机理得到全面、深刻而清晰的阐述.

The Chemistry Nobel Prize in 2006 is awarded by Roger Kornberg for his fundamental studies of the molecular basis of eukaryotic DNA transcription. Kornberg has made breakthrough progress in the molecular understanding of the transcription and its regulation in eukaryotic cells. His work-the combination of advanced biochemical techniques with structural determinations has enabled the atomic level reconstruction of RNA polymerase from yeast in isolation as well as in a number of functionally relevant complexes with template DNA, product mRNA, substrate nucleotides and regulatory proteins.