电动汽车永磁同步电机驱动系统的制动研究

Research on the Braking of the Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Drives for Electric Vehicle

以基于SVPWM控制的电动汽车永磁同步电机驱动系统的制动工况为研究对象,重点对电机的两种制动方式(基于电机损耗控制的制动和再生制动)、两种制动方式在系统中的综合运用进行了分析,并提出了一种新的基于电机损耗控制的制动方法,它综合考虑了电机的铜耗和铁耗.通过仿真对比分析,指出再生制动性能最好,新的制动方式比只考虑铜耗的制动方式性能好,因而更适合在不能采用再生制动的场合运用.总结了新的制动方式的控制电流与电机制动转矩、转速及电机定子电阻和铁耗等效电阻的关系.

The research object of this paper is the braking operation of the PMSM drives for EV controlled by SVPWM algorithm,the emphasis is put on the analysis of the two braking methods （the braking method based on motor loss control and the regenerative braking method） and how to use the two braking methods synthetically in the driving system. At the same time a new braking method based on the motor loss control which takes into consideration of both the motor copper loss and the iron loss is put forward. Through contrastable simulations,it shows that the regenerative braking has the best overall performance and the performance of the new braking method is better than that of the braking method taking only the motor copper loss into account,so it is preferred in such conditions as the regenerative braking method can＇t be adopted. The relations between the controlling currents of the new control method and the motor braking torque and speed when with different stator resistor and iron loss are also summarized through analvsis and simulations.