无公害绿芦笋标准化周年生产技术的研究

Research on standardized year-round production of pollution-free green asparagus

根据大棚绿芦笋的不同氮肥用量、农家有机肥及秸秆覆盖试验,以及物理、生态控制病虫害技术,不同栽培技术对绿芦笋影响的研究结果,制订了《无公害绿芦笋标准化周年生产操作规程》。经在3 hm2示范、150 hm2辐射区应用,结果表明,化学农药分别减少91.6%、70.4%;化肥分别减少55.6%、43.8%;产量增加108.4%、61.9%;无公害绿芦笋标准化周年生产示范区和辐射区,合计增收节支1 046.0万元(人民币,下同)。绿芦笋上市时间从5个月延长到11个月(除12月份),取得了显著的经济、生态和社会效益。无公害绿芦笋标准化生产与周年生产示范区生产的产品,经农业部食品质量监督检验测试中心(上海)对其中重金属、化学农药、硝酸盐(NaNO3)等9种有毒有害物质残留量检测,结果全部合格。

＂The operating rules of standardized year-round production of pollution-free asparagus＂ were established according to the experimental results under different amounts of nitrogen fertilizer and organic manure applied and different straw coverings in plastic tunnels and the effects of different biological and physical controls on pests. The application of the rules to 3 hm^2 demonstration area and 150 hm^2 radiation area showed that in these two areas the dose of chemical pesticides reduced by 91.6% and 70.4% respectively, and the dose of chemical fertilizer reduced by 55.6% and 43.8% respectively, while the product yields increased by 108.4% and 61.9% respectively. The total increased income was 10.46 million yuan, and the product supply period extended from 5 months to 11 months （except December）, which gained notable economic, ecological and social benefits. The asparagus products produced in the demonstration area were all up to standard according to the results of test for such 9 harmful residues as heavy metal, chemical pesticides and NaNO3 by the Food Quality Monitoring and Testing Center （Shanghai）, the Ministry of Agriculture.