某纺织厂噪声作业女工动脉顺应性的研究

STUDY ON ARTERIAL COMPLIANCE OF NOISE EXPOSURE

[目的]通过比较某纺织厂噪声接触人员与健康人群动脉顺应性的差异,观察其噪声接触人员动脉顺应性的变化,为进一步制定相应的预防与控制措施提供科学依据。[方法]对噪声作业点用HS6288系列噪声分析仪监测作业场所噪声强度,并进行频谱分析,计算累积噪声暴露量(CNE);使用动脉脉搏波形分析仪测量550名某纺织厂女性噪声接触人员(观察组)的动脉功能(大动脉弹性指数C_1、小动脉弹性指数C_2)、收缩压(Sbp)、舒张压(Dbp)、脉压(Pp)、平均动脉压(Map),另取96名同单位不接触职业性有害因素女性工作人员作为对照组。[结果](1)作业环境噪声强度为80.1～113.5dB(A),总的点超标率为92.5%。(2)观察组中检出高血压50人,检出率为9.1%;动脉顺应性异常检出244人,检出率为44.4%,其中以单纯C_2降低为主,占整个动脉顺应性异常的75.0%。(3)观察组的Sbp、Map和Pp显著高于对照组(P﹤0.05),C_1、C_2明显低于对照组(P﹤0.05)。(4)观察组噪声暴露强度在100dB以上的车间,其噪声接触人员的Sbp、Map、Pp均显著高于噪声﹤100dB的车间和对照组(P﹤0.05),C_2显著低于对照组(P﹤0.05)。(5)观察组中Sbp、Dbp、Map和Pp均与C1存在负相关关系(P﹤0.01),C_2与年龄、Sbp、Dbp、Map、Pp存在负相关关系(P﹤0.01)。(6)分别以观察组的C_1和C_2为因变量,以年龄(Age)、累积噪声暴露量(CNE)、Sbp、Dbp和Map为自变量进行多元回归分析,从方程中可以看出Sbp是影响C_1、C_2的主要因素,其次是Dbp,CNE对C_1有一定的影响。[结论]该纺织厂噪声接触人员的大、小动脉顺应性均降低,说明长时间接触噪声能导致血管功能受影响,动脉弹性下降。

[Objectives] To observe the changes of arterial compliance who exposed to noise. [ Methods] The noise intensity of workshops were detected with the HS6288 series noise analyzer. Arterial compliance （including large artery elastic index C1, small artery elastic index C2）, systolic pressure （Sbp）, diastolic pressure （Dbp）, pulse pressure （Pp）, mean arterial pressure （Map） of 550 females with noise exposure were all measured. 96 workers who were not exposed to noise and other occupational hazards were as the control group. [ Results] （1） The noise intensity of working places was 80.1 to 113.5 dB （A） . Unqualified rate of noise monitoring points was 92.5%. （2） Fifty peoples were found with hypertension （9.1%） . The abnormality rate of arterial compliance was 44.4% （244/550）, which were most C2 decreased （75.0%） . （3） Sbp. Map and Pp of exposed group were significantly higher than those of control group （P 〈 0.05） . C1 and C2 of expose group were lower than those of control group （P〈 0.05） . （4） In the workshops where noise intensities were above 100 dB （A）, the Sbp. Map. Pp of exposed group were significantly higher than those of control group （P 〈 0.05）, but C, was significantly lower than that of control group （P〈 0.05） . （5） Sbp. Dbp. Map and Pp of exposed group have negative correlativity with C1 （P〈 0.01） . All index of exposed group were have correlativity with C2 （P〈 0.01） . （6） The regression analysis was carried out, taking C1 and of exposed group as the dependent variable respectively, and Age. CNE. Sbp. Dbp and Map as the independent variables. We found Sbp had the most greatly influence on C1 and C2 and CNE also had influence on C1. [Conclusion] The results of C1 and C2 decreasing in noise-exposed workers suggest that noise may affect on vascular functions, and induce the decrease of artery elasticity.