中日两国不平衡发展的产业政策比较研究

A Comparative Study on Chinese and Japanese Industrial policies of Unbalanced Development

二战造成了日本经济的全面崩溃,日本政府审时度势,选择了不平衡的产业发展政策,在较短时间内实现了经济的腾飞。中国的产业发展也因为历史原因选择了不平衡的发展道路,然而结果却导致了产业结构严重失衡,成为经济进一步发展的阻力。究其原因是,我们仅仅认真实施了不平衡发展政策,却没有建立相应的平衡机制。正确的做法应该是,在不平衡发展的产业政策实施中,必须在优先发展主导产业的同时,还要给予农业、交通运输、能源等基础产业以适度的倾斜,这样才能保证主导产业乃至所有产业持久而稳定的发展。

World War Ⅱ left Japan a collapsed economy, prompting Japanese government to adopt an industrial policy of unbalanced development, which enabled Japan to achieve the economic take-off in a comparatively short time. China＇s choice of the unbalanced development for historical reasons, however, resulted in a seriously out-of-balance industrial structure, holding back China＇s further economic growth. An explanation is that China failed to develop a balancing mechanism when implementing the unbalanced industrial policy. The appropriate solution to a sustainable economic growth, as argued in this paper, should be one＂ that properly favors the economic infrastructure including agriculture, transportatidn, and energy, etc., while guaranteeing the priority of leading industries.