北京地区亚健康人群中医基本证候特征的流行病学研究

Epidemiologic study on TCM syndrome characteristics of sub-healthy people group in Beijing area

目的研究亚健康人群的临床表现及其中医基本证候分布特征。方法以体现中医特色的亚健康调查问卷为工具,通过对北京地区亚健康人群的流行病学调查,结合中医临床专家的判断,并应用聚类及因子分析等数理统计方法,探讨亚健康状态主要临床表现、主要证候要素及其基本证候特征。结果对1828份调查数据分析表明,北京地区亚健康人群以疲劳、失眠、情绪失调、疼痛等症状群为主要临床表现;以虚、湿、热、郁、瘀、气滞、津亏、痰为主要证候要素;脏腑功能失调多见于心、肝、脾、肾、胆、胃等;以心脾两虚、肝郁脾虚、脾虚湿困、肝肾阴虚、气阴两虚、气虚血瘀、湿热蕴结、肝郁化失、脾肾两虚、痰气互结等10类基本证候多见。结论亚健康人群的临床表现多呈现某一症状为主,其他症状伴随出现的症状群,其证候要素和基本证候分布以心、肝、脾等脏腑功能虚损为主,有一定的规律性。

Objective To study the clinical manifestation and distribution characteristics of symptoms and TCM basic syndromes of subhealthy people group. Methods The questionnaires of subhealth with TCM feature were used, through the epidemiological investigation in subhealthy people group in Beijing area, combining the judgements from TCM clinical experts, and applying mathematical statistics, like cluster analysis and factor analysis, to discuss the main symptoms, syndrome key elements and basic syndrome characteristics. Results The analysis on 1 828 questionnaires, in Beijing subhealthy people group, showed that the main symptoms were fatigue, insomnia, emotional disorder and pain. The syndrome key elements were mainly deficiency, dampness, heat, depression, blood stasis, qi-stagnation, fluid consumption and phlegm. The dysfunction of zang-fu organs were mainly observed in heart, liver, spleen, kidney, gallbladder and stomach. The most common basic syndromes were mainly deficiency of both heart and spleen, liver stagnation and spleen insufficiency, dampness encumbering due to spleen-qi insufficiency, deficiency of liver-yin and kidney - yin, deficiency of both qi and yin, and qi insufficiency,blood stasis, accumulation of damp-heat, liver depression transforming into fire, deficiency of both spleen and kidney, and mixture of phlegm and qi. Conclusion The clinical manifestation characteristics in subhealthy people group showed as a symptom group with one main symptom and some other symptoms. The syndrome factors and basic syndrome distribution are mainly consumption in heart, liver and spleen with a regularity.