重型颅脑损伤中急性肾衰竭的预防措施

Discussion on the method to lower the incidence of acute renal failure in severe craniocerebral injury patients

目的寻找降低重型颅脑损伤中急性肾衰竭发生的有效方法。方法对356例重型颅脑损伤患者（GCS3．8分）采用监测血钠、血钾、血糖、尿素和血肌酐的变化，控制血浆渗透压，合理使用脱水药和抗生素等方法。结果356例重型颅脑损伤患者中，发生肾衰竭仅6例（发生率1．68％）。结论严密观察电解质的变化，合理调整和治疗就可以有效地预防重型颅脑损伤中肾衰竭的发生。

Objective To seek the method to lower the incidence of acute renal failure in severe craniocerebral injury patients. Method To monitor blood Na^ ＋ , blood glucose, blood K ^＋ and blood urea nitrogen of 356 patients with severe craniocerebral injury, to control the plasma osmolality, and to use reasonably dehydration drug and antibiotic drug. Result Only 6 patients out of 356 patients with severe craniocerebral injury had acute renal failure, the incidence was 1.68%. Conclusion The monitoring of electrolyte and the reasonable clinical therapy can lower the incidence of acute renal failure in severe craniocerebral injury patients.