老年病科呼吸病区院内感染调查统计及预防控制

Nosocomial Infection Among Gerialtrics Patients

目的探讨老年病科呼吸病区院内感染现状,并制定控制对策。方法对60例院内感染患者临床资料进行调查,分析其感染现状,危险因素,病原菌,用药情况及愈后。结果该病区感染发生率为10.88%,感染部位以呼吸道为主,占71.67%,其次为泌尿道占16.67%,胃肠道占5.00%,皮肤黏膜占3.33%,血液占3.33%。60例患者均患有各种慢性疾病及含有多种危险因素,培养病原菌以革兰阴性杆菌和真菌为主,分别为革兰阴性菌,占55.26%,其次为真菌,占26.32%,革兰阳性菌为18.42%。结论高龄,抵抗力低下,侵入性操作多,严重的原发心、脑、肺基础疾病及长期使用抗生素、激素均增大了院内感染几率,积极采取有效的综合防范措施,是降低其医院感染发生率的关键。

Objective To study nosocomial infection （NI）among gefialtrics patients. Methods On basis of investigation of 60 gefialtrics patients to analyze its actuality, dangerous factors, pathogenic bacterium, treatment and its countermeasures . Results The rate of NI among geriatrecs patients was 10.88%, the common sites of NI were lower respiratory tract （60.00 %）, upper respiratory tract （ 11.67 % ）, gastrointestinal tract （ 3.33 %）, cutaneous infection （ 3.33 % ）, blood infection （ 3.33 %）, Most patients had many kinds of risk factors for NI, and the pathogeny mostly were gram negative baeilli（55.26%）,fungi（26.32%） and gram positive （18.42%）. Conclusions The incidence rate of NI in geriatric department is much higher than that in other departments. C, efiatrie should be treated as focal point on NI in hospitals. Risk factors depend on the severity of underlying diseases, invasive procedure , the quality of disinfection and sterilization, and patients＇ immunity status especially in the old. The key to redueing incidence rate of NI is to take comprehensive measures.