中国与印度数学发展之对比

Comparison on Mathematics Development Between China and India

中国、印度是具有几千年历史的文明大国.在公元前后一千多年,数学研究皆有出色表现,其成果不少早于欧洲诸国几百年、上千年.12世纪后,由于异族入侵,印度数学衰败了.14世纪中叶,中国数学攀上研究高峰后也逐渐停滞了.两个大国近代常遭异族侵略,经过各自长期奋斗,20世纪中叶取得新生,数学发展进入新时期后,从整体上看,两个大国数学研究旗鼓相当,各有所长.但与先进国系数学发展相比差距仍大,两国规划倾力创新,期与本国经济快速发展夯实基础.

China and India are both countries of glorious civilizations with a history of thousands of years. They achieved glorious success in mathematics between 1000 BC - 1000 AD. Many of their achievements were made several hundred years or even one thousand years earlier than in Europe. However, after the 12th century, due to alien invasions, mathematical research in India declined abruptly. Similarly, during the 14th century, China＇ s mathematical studies reached a stagnation point right after a research climax was started. Having been constantly invaded by other nations in modern times, after years of endeavor, the two countries gained vitality in research on mathematics and entered a new era at the middle of 1900s. From an overall perspective, both are at the same level in this field with their own strong points. But both still keep a long distance to the international level. Currently, the two nations are striving on innovation and creation in mathematical science, expecting to build up a solid foundation for their ongoing rapid economic development.