论契嵩佛学思想的入世归儒倾向及其对宋代士林风气的影响

On the Trend of Going into the Society and Returning into Confucianism in Qi Song's Buddhism and Its Influence on Scholars in Song Dynasty

中唐以后直至宋初,佛教在士人知识分子的揭露批判声中,日益暴露出其弊端。为了补偏救弊,为佛教争得更大发展空间,北宋僧人契嵩在融合儒释方面作出了不懈努力,他选择以“孝”为突破口,对佛教的孝道思想进行了新的诠释,力图找到佛教与儒家思想的契合点。契嵩的融合儒释,一方面表征了他对佛教世俗化和民间化的贡献,另一方面也张显了他思想的入世归儒倾向。契嵩入世归儒的思想和实践对宋代士大夫知识分子产生了重要影响,为宋代士人礼佛参禅画卷涂抹了重彩一笔。

From the middle of Tang Dynasty to early Northern Song Dynasty, Buddhism gradually exhibited its defects due to the severe criticism of schohrs. In order to strive for more development space for Buddhism, Qi Song, the noted Buddhist monk in Northern Song Dynasty, made unremitting efforts in intergating Buddhism with Confucianism. With ＂ filialness＂ as the breakthrough point, he offered completely new explanation of filialness in Buddhism and explored the conjunction of Buddhism and Confucianism. In his efforts in integrating Buddism and Confucianism, Qi showed his contribution to the secularization and popularization of Buddhism as well as his inclination of going into the society and returning to Confucianism, which produced critical effects in the scholar circles in Song Dynasty.