人脑伏核的应用解剖学研究

Applied anatomy of nucleus accumbens in human brain

目的:探索人脑伏核的位置关系和分部;伏核联系纤维伏核蒂的位置及走向;测定有应用价值的数值。以期对今后伏核的研究,为用立体定向外科手术进行戒毒治疗开阔思路,提供解剖学参考资料。方法:共用11个成人脑。应用朱加也娃提出并详细阐述的,经过特殊预处理后的人脑精细解剖方法。按设计的项目测量、统计、数码摄像。结果:人脑伏核埋伏於尾-壳核、内囊前肢的腹侧和钩束形成的薄板之间。内侧依偎隔区,外侧是外囊。伏核分为内侧与外侧两部分。核的前端缩窄被大脑白质包裹,后端横宽紧靠前连合。伏核强大的联系纤维就存在于后端围绕着前连合。伏核联系纤维也分为内、外侧两部分。伏核联系纤维内侧部主要走向终纹、丘脑、大脑水管周围和中脑腹侧。外侧部趋向嗅结节、前穿质等脑底结构。结论:伏核仅其内侧部依偎于隔区,故称为伏核比叫伏隔核更确切。伏核内侧部和许多具有重要生理功能的脑结构相连是伏核的核心部分。伏核在腹侧纹状体和基底前脑中占有重要位置。

Objective：To probe into the anatomically divided parts,position,and neighbeurhood of nucleus accumbens （NAc） in human brain,investigate the positions and trends of the connecting fibers of NAc （NAcp） , and determine the numeric values applicable for reference in expectation to widen the trend of thoughts for the future study of NAc and provide anatomical reference materials for the application of stereotactic surgery in drug withdrawal treatment. Methods：Twenty-two NAc specimens of 11 adult human brain were studied with the method of fine anatomical dissection of the pretreated brain put forward and elaborated upon by S. B. D zugaeva. According to the design, measurement, statistical analysis, and digital photography were conducted. Results：The NAc in human brain was buried between the rostral caudate-putamen with the anterior limb of internal capsule and the thin plate formed by uncinate fasciculus. The inside of NAc leaned close to the septal area; the outside was an external capsule. NAc was divided into medial and lateral parts. Anterior extremity of NAc was narrow and embedded by white matter of brain, and posterior extremity was wide and close to the anterior commissure. The robust connective fibers of NAc （NAcp） occupied the posterior extremity and encircled the anterior commissure. NAcp was also divided into 2 parts. The main trend of medial part of NAcp was to the stria terminalis, thalamus, the place around cerebral aqueduct, and ventral midbrain. The lateral part was towards the olfactory tubercle and anterior perforeted substance of basal brain structure.Conclusion：Only the inside of medial part of NAc is leaning on the septal area; therefore,it should be designated as nucleus accumbes which is more precise than nucleus accumbens septi. The connective fibers are in the posterior extremity of NAc and closely surrounded the anterior commissure. Medial part of NAc is the core because it is connected with numerous brain structures and so has important physiological functions. NAc occupies an important place in the ventral striatum and basal forbrain structure.