腹腔干及肠系膜上动脉畸形患者共干部真性动脉瘤的诊断与治疗

Diagnosis and treatment of aneurvsm in the common trunk of malformed suverior mesenteric artery and celiac trunk

目的探讨腹腔干、肠系膜上动脉畸形共干部真性动脉瘤的诊断和手术治疗方法,总结手术中瘤体显露、切除以及血管重建的操作经验。方法回顾性总结1998年2月至2006年12月6例临床资料。均在全身麻醉下于腹腔干上方主动脉放置阻断带,游离并牵开胰腺体尾部,阻断共干部动脉瘤起始部和远端动脉分支,切除动脉瘤,缝扎腹腔干起始部和胃左动脉远端,分别行肾下主动脉与肝动脉、脾动脉、肠系膜上动脉人工血管转流术。结果行动脉瘤切除、肾下主动脉分别与肝动脉、脾动脉、肠系膜上动脉人工血管转流术5例,联合动脉瘤和脾脏切除、肠系膜上动脉成形、肾下主动脉与肝动脉人工血管转流术1例,术后恢复顺利,切口愈合良好,无肝脏、脾脏或肠管缺血等并发症,均获得临床治愈,随访观察1年2个月至8年。5例行主动脉.肝动脉、脾动脉和肠系膜上动脉转流者,均未发现吻合口阻塞或明显狭窄;1例主动脉.肝动脉转流、肠系膜上动脉成型者,手术后6个月和1年时均发现修复成型处略有狭窄,而主动脉和肝动脉吻合口通畅,随访1年2个月无肠管或肝脏缺血表现。结论在主动脉、共干腹腔干起始部及其分支阻断或控制下,切除腹腔干、肠系膜上动脉畸形共干部动脉瘤,同时行肾下主动脉与内脏动脉(肝动脉、脾动脉和肠系膜上动脉)人工血管转流术是治疗本病安全有效的的手术方法之一。

Objective To explore the diagnosis and treatment of the aneurysm in the common trunk of malformed superior mesenteric artery and celiac trunk, especially the approach how to expose and excise such aneurysm. Methods The clinical data of 6 patients with aneurysm in the common trunk of malformed superior mesenteric artery and celiac trunk, who were operated on under general anesthesia from 1998 to 2006, were analyzed. At first, the body of pancreas was isolated and retracted, the malformed celiac trunk and its ramification were blocked and ablated, the initial part of the celiac trunk and the distant end of left gastric artery were ligated, and then by-pass operation was operated from infra-renal aorta to the visceral arteries （hepatic, splenic, and superior mesenteric arteries） with artificial blood vessels. Follow-up was conducted for 1 - 8 years. Results Five cases underwent aneurysm ablation and by-pass from aorta to hepatic, splenic, and superior mesenteric arteries; while 1 case underwent aneurysm ablation and spleen ablation, superior mesenteric artery reconstruction, and by-pass from aorta to hepatic artery simultaneously. All patients were cured without complication and recurrence. No arterial anastomosis stricture or stenosis was found in the 5 patients who received by-pass from aorta to hepatic, splenic, or superior mesenteric artery; however, slight stricture was found at the repaired portion of superior mesenteric artery in another one patient, but without any arterial anastomosis stricture in aorta or hepatic artery. Conclusion It is an effective and safe method to treat the aneurysm common trunk of malformed superior mesenteric artery and celiac trunk by using the artificial blood vessel by-pass from aorta to visceral arteries （hepatic, splenic, and superior mesenteric arteries） after controlling the initial part of common trunk and cutting off the aneurysm there.