发展性口吃的脑机制

Brain Mechanism of Developmental Stuttering

口吃是一种常见的言语障碍,对此曾提出过大脑半球言语功能偏侧化异常假设。近期,发展性口吃的神经成像研究在支持这一经典假设的同时,还发现负责言语监控的颞叶系统和负责言语运动控制的额叶系统与皮层下脑结构存在功能失调,这可能损害言语产生时的精确时间控制。据此,研究者开始用神经网络的观点来解释发展性口吃产生的脑机制,认为患者可能存在由多个言语产生相关脑区构成的“双通路”网络的功能障碍。

Developmental stuttering is a popular speech disorder, about which there has been a hypothesis that laterality of brain speech function could be abnormal in stutterers. Recently, the evidences from neuroimaging studies of developmental stuttering support this classical hypothesis as well, and indicate that the temporal system responsible for speech monitoring, and the frontal system as well as subcortical structures related with speech motor control are dysfunctional, which impair precise timing for speech production. According to these, researchers argue the brain mechanism of stuttering with the neural networks, and suggest that ＂two-loop＂ networks including multiple brain regions involved in speech production could be disrupted.