低功率微波辐射对抗氧化物酶活性及细胞膜流动性的影响

Effects of microwave irradiation on the activity of cell antioxidant enzyme and the mobility of cell membrane lipids

目的观察微波辐射对人脐静脉内皮细胞株ECV304、红细胞及纯化的超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性的影响及对ECV304。细胞膜流动性的影响。方法（1）ECV304。细胞（18个200ml的玻璃培养瓶），随机分为3组（n=6）：微波假辐射组（A组）、微波辐射1次组（B组）及微波辐射3次组（C组）。分别测定细胞SOD、CAT活性和还原性谷胱甘肽（GSH）含量。（2）离体昆明种雄性小白鼠红细胞，随机分为3组（n=9），组别同前。分别测定细胞SOD、CAT活性。取纯化的CAT、SOD酶，随机分为3组（n=9），组别同前。微波辐射后，测定酶活性。（3）ECV304细胞（48个200ml的玻璃培养瓶），随机分为3组（n=8），组别同前。微波辐射后，在样品液中分别加入膜蛋白标记物MAL-1和脂肪酸标记物5-Doxyl，电子白旋共振（ESR）法检测波谱并计算膜流动性参数。结果与A组比较，C组ECV304。细胞CAT活性明显降低（P〈0．05），ECV304。细胞的SOD活性和GSH含量也呈降低趋势，而B组红细胞SOD、CAT及纯化的CAT活性明显增加（P〈0．01）。C组ECV304。细胞膜脂的运动参数与A组比明显降低（P〈0．01），膜蛋白运动性变化不明显。结论微波辐射可使红细胞内SOD、CAT和纯化CAT活性增强，使ECV304。细胞内CAT活性代偿性降低。微波辐射可导致ECV304。细胞膜膜脂流动性降低。

Objective To investigate the effects of microwave irradiation （MI） on the activity of superoxide dismutase （SOD）, ECV304 catalase （CAT） of erythrocyt, and the mobility of ECV304 membrane lipids. Methods （ 1 ） Eighteen culture flasks of ECV304 cells were randomly divided into three groups of 6： a sham MI group（A） , a once irradiated group（B） , and a thrice irradiated group（C）. After MI, the cells were scraped and lysed, and the activity of SOD and CAT and the content of glutathione （ GSH ） were determined. （2）The erythrocytes of Kunming mice and purified SOD and CAT enzymes were also collected and randomly divided into A, B and C groups （n = 9 ）. After MI, the activities of SOD and CAT were determined. （ 3 ） Forty-eight culture flasks of ECV304 cells were randomly separated into A, B and C groups, including MAL 1 labeled and 5 Doxy labeled aliquots （n = 8）. After microwave exposure, MAL 1 and 5 Doxyl were added, and their ESR spectra were recorded. Results Compared with group A, the CAT activity of the ECV304 cells in group C was significantly lower and the SOD activity and GSH content also were slightly lower. However, the SOD and CAT activities of the erythrocytes in group B were markedly increased. Compared with group A, the activity of purified CAT in group B was significantly higher. Compared with group A, lipid mobility in the membranes of the ECV304 cells in group C was significantly lower, but there was no significant change in the mobility of ECV304 membrane protein. Conclusion MI can enhance the CAT activity of erythrocytes and purified enzymes, while that of ECV304 cells is decreased. MI can inhibit lipid mobility in ECV304 cell membranes.