生物入侵对森林生态服务功能经济损失评价研究分析与展望

Analysis and Outlook of Research on Economic Loss Evaluation Associated with Biological Invasion to Forest Ecological Function

外来入侵物种是森林生态系统健康最大的生物威胁,通过生物入侵对森林生态服务功能经济损失评价研究,可以提高林业工作者对外来入侵物种危害程度的认识,为制定生物入侵防治的政策和制度提供科学依据。目前国内外的相关研究,在基础理论、研究方法、技术路线、计算结果敏感度分析等方面均存在缺陷和不足,严重制约了这一研究的深入开展。而资源经济学、生态经济学、灾害经济学等学科的理论研究成果,生物入侵WEB数据库的大量涌现,粗糙集、杂合粗糙集数据挖掘方法的日益成熟,3S技术在生态服务功能评价中的广泛应用,为生物入侵对森林生态服务功能经济损失评价研究提供了新的理论、方法和技术手段。从这个角度出发,本文对未来的经济损失评价研究进行了展望,探讨了经济损失评价研究的重点和需要解决的几个关键问题。

Alien invasive species is the most dangerous menace to the health of forest eco-system. By doing the research of economical loss evaluation associated with biological invasion to the forest ecological function, understanding on biological invasion damage can be improved and a scientific base can be built on management measures dealing with the biological threats. There are some weaknesses in current research on this topic, especially in theoretical basis, methodology, technology scheme and sensitivity analysis, which greatly restrict the further progress of biological invasion research. Achievements of theoretical research of resource economics, ecological economics and disaster economics, emergence of abundant Web data-sets of invasive species created in China and abroad, maturing of data mining technology based on rough sets or mixed rough sets and widespread application of Geomatics in the evaluation of ecological service function, altogether provide innovative theories, methods and technologies to the research of biological invasion. From this point of view, an outlook on economical evaluation is given by discussing some hot points and key technology problems.