小肠疾病影像学诊断新进展

New progress in image diagnosis of small intestinal disease

小肠是胃肠道最长的器官,因其走行弯曲,肠管常互相重叠,传统的胃肠道和内镜检查单纯地观察消化道腔内结构,尚不能很好显示肠壁和腔外结构.多层螺旋CT(MSCT)和磁共振成像(MRI)具有快速扫描和三维后处理能力,能清晰反映肠壁和肠腔外的病变.新的影像技术CT小肠灌肠造影(CTE)、MR小肠灌肠造影(MRE)具有良好的软组织对比度及三维成像能力,不仅可以观察黏膜,同时能够分析肠管周围的改变,提高了人们对小肠疾病影像诊断的认识.本文就近年来小肠疾病影像学诊断的进展及今后努力的方向作一述评.

The small intestine is the longest organ of the gastrointestinal tract. Due to the curved course and overlapped canal of the small intestine, the technology of traditional intestinal canal examination and endoscopy can not exhibit the intestinal wall and extra-luminal structure well. Multi-slice spiral computed tomography （MSCT） and magnetic resonance imaging （MRI）, which have the capability of helical scanning and three-dimensional post-processing techniques, can demonstrate the intestinal wall and extra-luminal structure clearly. Computed tomography enteroclysis （CTE） and magnetic resonance enteroclysis （MRE）, as new imaging technologies, provide three-dimensional imaging capabilities and excellent soft-tissue contrast, which can analyze the abnormalities of peripheral intestinal structure as well as the tunica mucosa, greatly advancing the cognition of the imaging diagnosis for the intestinal disease. In this review, we described the progress in imaging diagnosis of the small intestinal disease.