河南鲁山县四棵树河流域泥石流灾害其防治

Debris flow hazard and drevention measures in Sikeshu River drainage area,Lushan County,Henan Province

鲁山县四棵树河流域位于豫西伏牛山巨大的伏牛岩基东麓。区内山势陡峭,具大陆性季风气候,多暴雨,近期最大雨量116.9mm/h,日降雨达446mm。山洪泥石流是区内特有的一种自然地质灾害,它具有暴发频次高、暴发突然、流速快、破坏性大等特点,常冲毁道路、耕地和房舍,危及人民生命、财产安全。从对区内山地地形、气候、暴雨特征、岩性、土壤、泥石流及其造成的灾害状况等的调查、分析、研究,基本探索出泥石流运行轨迹即地表径流形成区、泥石流形成区、泥石流流通区、泥石流堆积区。根据上述特征,因地制宜地配置工程措施和非工程措施进行全面综合防治,重点对泥石流沟实施工程布防措施和山坡实施水土保持生物工程措施,对病险水库进行除险加固,从而达到标本兼治,防治泥石流灾害的发生和发展,改善生态环境,最终实现人与自然协调共处的目标。

Lushan County＇ s Sikeshu River drainage area lies at the east foot of the Funiu batholith of the Funiu Mountain. In this area, there are lots of cragged mountains, with a continental monsoonal climate; rainstorms break out frequently, and the recent largest precipitation was 116.9 mm/h and the daily precipitation was 446mm. Hood-caused debris flow is a kind of natural disaster in this area, which has a ＇characteristic of high frequency, abruptness, rapidness and destructiveness, often destroying roads, fanning land and houses and putting people＇ s lives and property to danger. Through investigating, analyzing and researching the landform, weather, rainstorm, lithology, soil, debris flow and the destructive effect, this paper discusses on its basic movement track, that is, surface runoff forming area, debris flow forming area, passing by area and piling depesition area. According to the above, this paper puts forward some engineering and nonengineering measures to provide an overall prevention and countermeasures for debris flow, that is putting stress on engineering measures, environment protection measures, and reservoir reinforcement measures to prevent debris flow happening and developing, improving environment and finally reaching the aim of people living in harmony with nature.