山葡萄资源性状评价

Evaluation on Characters of Vitis amurensis Resources

统计了156份山葡萄资源的产地、花型,分析了果实经济性状。结果表明,来自黑龙江省的种质107份(占68.6%)、吉林省的种质44份(占28.2%)、辽宁省的种质5份(占3.2%);雌能花种质80份(占51.3%)、两性花种质71份(45.5%)、雄株5份(占3.2%);山葡萄种质果皮颜色均为紫黑色;果穗质量最大为140.8g,最小为4.1g,平均为63.4g;果粒质量最大为1.70g,最小为0.41g,平均为0.78g;出汁率最高为65.0%,最低为46.7%,平均为49.6%;浆果可溶性固形物质量分数最高为18.0%,最低为7.5%,平均为13.3%;浆果可溶性糖质量浓度最高为153.2g.L-1,最低为46.9g.L-1,平均为90.9g.L-1;浆果滴定酸质量浓度最高为36.9g.L-1,最低为14.5g.L-1,平均为24.4g.L-1。评价性状表明,吉林省山葡萄资源果实经济性状要稍优于黑龙江省的资源,雌能花山葡萄资源果实经济性状要稍优于两性花资源,但差异不明显。

A survey was conducted to study the production areas, flower patterns, and fruit economic characters of 156 accessions of Vitis amurensis resources in the V. amurensis nursery of the Institute of Special Wild Economic Animal and Plant, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences. Results showed that 107 accessions are from Heilongjiang Province （68.6%）, 44 accessions from Jilin （28.2%）, 5 accessions from IAaoning （3.2%）. 80 accessions belong to female flower （51.3%）, 71 aeeessions to hermaphroditie flower （45.5%）, 5 aeeessions to male plants （3.2%）. The berry skin of K amurensis are all purple blaek, the weight of a buneh is from 4.1 g to 140.8 g with an average of 63.4 g, the berry weight is between 0.41 g and 1.70 g with an average of 0.78 g, the juiee extraction ratio ranges from 46.7% to 65.0% with an average of 49.6%, the soluble solid eontent is between 7.5% and 18.0% with an average of 13.3%, the soluble sugar eontent is 46.9 - 153.2g·L^-1 with an average of 90.9 g·L^-1 , and the titration acidity is 14.5-36.9g·L^-1 with an average of 24.4 g·L^-1. The fruit eeonomie eharaeters of K amurensis aeeessions from Jilin are slightly better than those from Heilongjiang, and the fruit eeonomie eharaeters of female flowers are slightly better than those of hermaphroditie flowers, but the differenees are not signifieant.