讲述与展示的艺术结合——《最蓝的眼睛》的多元叙述声音和视角

Artistic Perfection of Telling and Showing——Diversified Voices and Focalizations in The Bluest Eye

美国黑人作家托尼·莫里森擅长借助讲述和展示这两大叙述模式的各自优势,在其作品中事实地呈现两者完美的艺术结合。《最蓝的眼睛》松驰有序、跳跃灵动地应用包括第一人称回忆视角、第一人称经验视角以及第三人称意识中心的多元叙述声音和视角,多棱镜般地塑造了鲜活的人物形象,升华了小说对种族歧视深刻主题的控诉。

Morrison in presenting the tragedy of Pecola refuses to abide by the conventional mode of a unified voice and focalization within a single narrative. On the contrary, she resorts to varied narrative situations,three leading ones of which are the first-person retrospecting narrator,the first-person experiencing narrator,and the third-person center of consciousness. In the story, the dominant zero focalization of the adult narrator Claudia is interposed repeatedly with both fixed and variable internal focalizations. For each part of the story entitled with a season, there are at least two main scenes, told with the first-person experiencing narrator first, then with the third-person center of consciousness. By examining in detail two main scenes in the winter part, I assert that this shifting of various voices and focalizations with the leading first-person retrospecting narrative supplemented with the first-person experiencing narrative and the third-person center of consciousness helps reveal a kaleidoscopic world of characters and spotlights the evil of racism.