论巴赫金文艺批评思想的内外整合观

On Bahktin's Idea of Combining Intrinsic and Extrinsic Study in Literary Criticism

巴赫金认为:形式主义只是一种注重文学的内部研究,把文学现象归结为缺乏思想和哲学内容的单纯形式的批评方法;而庸俗社会学则是强调文学的社会性,主张从外部研究文学,将文艺作品与社会现实紧密结合的一种批评方法。巴赫金通过对以上两者的批判指出了文艺批评的新思路,展示了内外整合的思想,即内部研究和外部研究的有机整合。

Bahktin, a literary critic, was critical of formalism and vulgar sociology. The former emphasizes nothing but the intrinsic study of literary criticism, concluding literary phenomena as formal creation lacking philosophical ideas; while the latter holds that literature be studied extemally by combining works and social reality. By criticizing the two, Bahktin found a third road to carry out literary criticism, i.e. the combination of intrinsic and extrinsic study.