2002～2005年肺结核病人健康教育效果评估

EFFECTIVENESS EVALUATION OF HEALTH EDUCATION ON PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS PATIENTS DURING 2002～2005

[目的]为了了解掌握南山区肺结核病人对结核病防治知识的知晓程度,从而更好的有针对性的开展结核病健康教育工作。[方法]对凡在南山区发现确诊的肺结核病人均进行口头和书面有关结核病的传播、症状、预防、检查、治疗及管理等方面常规健康教育宣教30min以上,并在宣教前和宣教后两个月左右分别进行结核病防治知识的问卷调查,进行效果评估。[结果]2002～2005年共对462例肺结核病人进行了问卷调查,人均知识得分数由宣教前的59.4%提高到宣教后的94.2%,总知晓率由11.0%提高到68.8%,男性与女性无明显差别,65岁以上离退休人员在宣教前人均知识得分数相对低一些,流动人口较户籍、暂住人口人均知识得分数均略低,结核病特定知识知晓率在宣教前、后均不是很理想。[结论]肺结核病人对结核病防治有关知识还是比较欠缺,通过医生的健康宣教可以大大提高知晓率,从而提高治疗的依从性,因此进行有针对性的健康教育是十分必要和极其有效的手段。

[Objective] To evaluate the situation on pulmonary tuberculosis patients＇ knowledge for TB prevention and therapy in Nanshan district, so as to develop health education pertinently. [Methods] Every pulmonary tuberculosis patient was given a propaganda on pulmonary tuberculosis more than 30 minutes, including dissemination, symptoms, prevention, examination, therapy and administration. A questionnaire was conducted two months later, and the effects were evaluated. [ Results] 462 patients had questionnaires during 2002-2005, the score of per capita increased from 59.4% （before health education） to 94.2% （after health education）, the total TB knowledge rate increased from 11.0% to 68.8%, there was no significant difference between man and woman, fluid population got lower scores compared with those of temporary population and censue register population, the definite TB knowledge rate was not good before or after health education. [Conclusions] Pulmonary tuberculosis patients are still short of the knowledge of TB prevention and therapy, doctor can improve TB knowledge rate through heath education and enhance the patients＇ compliance, so health education is essential and effective.