3Czerny C, Turetschek K, Duman M, et al. Imaging of the middle ear· CT and MRI[J]. Radiology, 1997,37:945 -953.
4Yoon JH, Schachern PA, Paparella MM, et al. Pathology and pathogenesis of tympanic membrane retraction. Am J Otolaryngol,1990,11:10-17.
5Rawashima E. Clinical studies on attic retraction. Nippon Jibiinkoka Gakkai Kaiho, 1991,94:1738-1747.
6Hasebe S, Takahashi H, Honjo I,et al. Organic change of effusion in the mastoid in otits media with effusion and its relation to attic retraction. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol,2000,53:17-24.
7Funai H,Tajima B,Takubo M,et al.Ventilation and passages in the middle ear. A study by HRCT in patients with attic cholesteatoma. Nippon Jibiinkoka Gakkai Kaiho,1992, 95:1005-1011.
8谷鸿喜,陈锦英主编.医学微生物学第1版北京:北京大学医学出版社,2003;25.
9Post JC.Direct evidence of bacterial biofilms in otitis media.Laryngoscope. 2001; 111: 2083-2094.