地质学实践教学现状分析与对策

Analysis and Countermeasures of the Present Status of Geology Practice Teaching

实践教学是保证地学教育质量的关键,是地学人才培养的重要环节,然而最新调查发现,我国地质实践教学的现状却不容乐观,突出表现在4个方面:一是实践教学课时减少,教学质量难以保障;二是教学实验设备更新缓慢,特别是野外实习基地建设近于停滞,难以为实践教学提供良好的基础条件;三是新的地学理论和技术不断发展,但相关的实践教学环节滞后,严重影响了教学效果;四是“重科研轻教学”现象普遍,实践教学师资缺乏。造成目前这一现状的原因,除了高校扩招、物价上涨和管理体制等因素外,主要是长期以来教学经费投入严重不足所致。为了更好落实《国务院关于加强地质工作的决定》,为培养高质量地学人才培养创造条件,本文提出了4项建议:一是增加常规性实践教学经费投入,保障基本实践教学活动的开展;二是建设若干国家级地学实践教学基地,以共享形式提高教学基地使用效率,并促进校际交流与合作;三是建立地学实践教学网站和地学虚拟实习系统,应用现代化技术手段提高实践教学效果,培养新型地学人才;四是改革管理制度和评价体系,加大向教学方面的倾斜力度,尽快改变“重科研轻教学”的现状。

Practice teaching is the key element guaranteeing the geology teaching quality and an important tach in training the geological students. Based on the latest investigation, there are many problems in the present geology practice teaching, which can be summarized as follows： （a） the practice teaching hours has been substantially reduced, which endanger the teaching quality, （b） the updating of teaching equipments are relatively slow, especially in the fieldwork base constructing, which do not satisfy the practice teaching, （c） the practice teaching program is relatively dated compared with the modern theories and tech- niques, （d） more emphasis on scientific research and less concern to teaching is prevalent, and there are not enough teachers who are interested in practice teaching as a result. All discussed above are mainly the result of insufficient investment in teaching for a long time, other than expanding enrollments, price level rising and management system. In order to carry out the decision of the State Department and create better training environment for geology teaching, four pieces of advice are proposed as below, （a） expanding the budget in practice teaching and making sure that the practice teaching can carry through normally, （b） building some state geology practice teaching bases, which can develop the cooperation between different colleges and universities through using these bases together, （c） constructing geology practice teaching Network and virtual practice system, and developing practice teaching levels, and （d） reforming the management system and evaluating systems and attaching more importance to teaching, and changing the phenomenon ＂more emphasis on scientific research and less concern to teaching＂ as soon as possible.